UK HQ Your time

Environmental Protection & Intake Compliance

Engineering Excellence for Marine Environments

Seawater intakes can entrain fish larvae and eggs and impinge larger organisms on screens. Regulators worldwide — led by US EPA Clean Water Act §316(b) and the EU Water Framework Directive — require best-available intake design to minimise harm. We engineer intakes that protect marine ecosystems while securing reliable supply.

<0.15
m/s through-screen
1–3 mm
fish-friendly slots
316(b)
EPA compliant
Near-0
entrainment (subsurface)

Protection Measures

Reducing entrainment and impingement

Velocity Caps

Low horizontal inlet velocity (<0.15 m/s) that fish sense and avoid.

Cylindrical Wedge-Wire Screens

1–3 mm slots with low through-slot velocity and airburst cleaning exclude eggs and larvae.

Subsurface Intakes

Beach wells and galleries effectively eliminate entrainment and impingement.

Fish Return & Handling

Modified band screens release impinged fish alive via low-pressure wash and return.

Behavioural Deterrents

Air-bubble curtains, light and sound guide fish away from the intake.

Entrainment Monitoring

Sampling and reporting to demonstrate compliance and inform adaptive design.

Regulatory Drivers

Design to the governing standard

RegulationRegionRequirement
CWA §316(b)United StatesBest technology available for cooling-water intake; entrainment / impingement limits
Water Framework DirectiveEuropean UnionProtect ecological status of receiving waters
OSPAR ConventionNE AtlanticProtection of the marine environment
Local marine consentProject-specificEIA, abstraction & discharge permits

Related Seawater Intake Topics

Continue across the seawater intake engineering series

Related Equipment & Services

Design your seawater intake

Talk to our marine engineering team about environmental compliance and a complete, compliant intake package — survivable, low-fouling and built for decades of service.

Industries We Serve

Our expertise spans multiple industries with sector-specific water treatment solutions.