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Thermal Evaporation / Crystallisation

MVR multi-effect evaporation and brine crystallisation for extreme TDS, saline wastewater, and zero liquid discharge. External evaporator for >50 m³/h.

Since 2016
Global Delivery
Performance Guaranteed

System Overview

MVR Evaporator

Mechanical vapour recompression evaporator with vacuum control and distillate quality monitoring. 60โ€“80% energy benefits vs thermal steam.

Crystallizer

Brine crystallizer for solid salt production from concentrated reject. External vessel for larger flows.

Pre-Treatment Container

DAF + filtration + pH adjustment in standard containers before evaporation to protect heat transfer surfaces.

Condensate Polishing

RO + GAC treatment of evaporator condensate for high-quality reusable water production.

Detailed Process Specifications

Parameter10โ€“25 m³/h25โ€“50 m³/h50โ€“100 m³/h100โ€“200 m³/h
Evaporator TypeMVR, 5โ€“10 m³/hMVR, 10โ€“20 m³/hMVR, 20โ€“50 m³/hExternal MVE + containerised polish
Energy Consumption30โ€“50 kWh/m³ distillate25โ€“40 kWh/m³20โ€“35 kWh/m³15โ€“30 kWh/m³ (with waste heat)
TDS Reduction>95%>95%>95%>95%
Distillate QualityTDS <100 mg/LTDS <100 mg/LTDS <100 mg/LTDS <100 mg/L
Pre-TreatmentDAF + CPI + sand filterDAF + CPI + filtrationDAF + CPI + dual-mediaFull pre-treatment containerised
CrystallizerExternal batchExternal continuousExternal continuousExternal continuous
Power80โ€“150 kW150โ€“250 kW250โ€“400 kW400+ kW
SCADATier 3: AdvancedTier 3โ€“4: EnterpriseTier 4: DCSTier 4: DCS

Typical Applications

High-TDS Industrial

Saline process water from chemical and manufacturing plants.

Pharmaceutical

API concentrate and high-salinity waste from drug manufacturing.

Mining & Brine

Saline groundwater, tailings water, and process brines.

Zero Liquid Discharge

No-discharge sites requiring complete water recovery.

Oil & Gas Produced Water

High-salinity produced water from extraction operations.

Winterization

Freeze-concentration alternatives for cold-climate sites.

Related Process Trains

Membrane (RO)

RO pre-concentration before evaporation.

Precipitation

Chemical precipitation for metals before evaporation.

Full Process Catalogue

All containerised wastewater treatment options.

Equipment List & Specifications

Complete equipment inventory for Option L โ€” Thermal Evaporation / Crystallisation (ZLD). Process train: No | SCADA: Tier 3โ€“4

Special Safety Notes

Vacuum safety, high-pressure steam, chemical handling, ATEX for steam/vacuum

Mechanical Equipment

Item CodeDescriptionQtySpec / NotesLocation
L-ME-01Inlet screen13โ€“6 mm, manual or automaticInlet
L-ME-02Equalization tank (EQ)14โ€“10 mยณ, PE or SS316L, mixingEQ
L-ME-03Pre-treatment filter (sand / cartridge)1SS316L, 5โ€“25 ยตmPre-treatment
L-ME-04Evaporator vessel(s)1โ€“2SS316L or duplex SS, pressure-rated, 5โ€“20 mยณ, heated jacket or tube bundle, vacuum-rated (0.05โ€“0.5 bar abs)Evaporator
L-ME-05Vapour compressor (MVR)1Centrifugal, 50โ€“200 kW, SS316L impeller, variable speedMVR
L-ME-06Heating element / tube bundle1 setSS316L or Ti, steam or hot water heated, 100โ€“500 kWEvaporator
L-ME-07Condenser1Shell-and-tube or plate, SS316L, cooling water or air-cooledCondenser
L-ME-08Distillate tank1PE, 5โ€“20 mยณPost-evaporator
L-ME-09Brine concentrator / crystallizer (optional)1SS316L, batch or continuous, cooling crystallisation or flash evaporationCrystallizer
L-ME-10Centrifuge (salt separation, optional)1Decanter or basket centrifuge, SS316LCrystallizer

Pumps

Item CodeDescriptionQtySpecDriver
L-PU-01Inlet lift pump21 duty + 1 standbyVFD
L-PU-02EQ recirculation / transfer pump21 duty + 1 standbyFixed
L-PU-03Evaporator feed pump1Centrifugal, SS316L, 1โ€“3 barFixed/VFD
L-PU-04Distillate transfer pump1CentrifugalFixed
L-PU-05Brine circulation pump1Centrifugal, SS316L, 1โ€“3 barFixed
L-PU-06Concentrate / brine disposal pump1Progressive cavity or centrifugalFixed
L-PU-07Cooling water circulation pump1CentrifugalFixed
L-PU-08CIP pump1Centrifugal, 3โ€“5 barFixed
L-PU-09Effluent discharge pump21 duty + 1 standbyFixed/VFD
L-PU-10Antiscalant dosing pump1Diaphragm, 1โ€“20 L/hFixed
L-PU-11Acid dosing pump1Diaphragm, 1โ€“20 L/hFixed
L-PU-12Defoamer dosing pump1Diaphragm, 1โ€“10 L/hFixed
L-PU-13Caustic CIP pump1Diaphragm, 10โ€“50 L/hFixed
L-PU-14Citric acid CIP pump1Diaphragm, 10โ€“50 L/hFixed

Sensors & Instrumentation

Item CodeDescriptionQtyRange / OutputTier
L-SI-01Inlet / distillate / concentrate flow meter3Magnetic or ultrasonicAll
L-SI-02pH (inlet / distillate)20โ€“14 pHAll
L-SI-03Conductivity (inlet / distillate / concentrate)30โ€“200 mS/cmTier 2+
L-SI-04Temperature (evaporator, steam, distillate)3โ€“4PT100, -10 to 150ยฐCTier 2+
L-SI-05Vacuum pressure (evaporator)1-1 to 0 bar, absolute, 4โ€“20 mATier 2+
L-SI-06Steam pressure (if steam-heated)10โ€“10 barTier 2+
L-SI-07Vibration (MVR compressor)1Acceleration, alarm + tripTier 3
L-SI-08Level (all tanks)4โ€“5Ultrasonic / hydrostaticAll
L-SI-09Differential pressure (pre-filter)10โ€“1 barTier 2+

Dosing Systems

Item CodeDescriptionQtySpecNotes
L-DS-01Antiscalant1Diaphragm, 1โ€“20 L/h
L-DS-02Acid (pH adjustment)1Diaphragm, 1โ€“20 L/h
L-DS-03Defoamer1Diaphragm, 1โ€“10 L/h
L-DS-04Caustic (CIP)1Diaphragm, 10โ€“50 L/h
L-DS-05Citric acid (CIP)1Diaphragm, 10โ€“50 L/h
L-DS-06Day tanks4โ€“5100โ€“500 L, PE, bunded

SCADA / Control Hardware

Item CodeDescriptionQtySpecTier
L-SC-01PLC1S7-1500 or ControlLogixTier 3โ€“4
L-SC-02HMI115", IP65Tier 3โ€“4
L-SC-03Vacuum control loop1PID, 0.05โ€“0.5 bar absTier 3
L-SC-04MVR speed control1VFD, temperature / vacuum feedbackTier 3
L-SC-05Energy monitoring1kWh/mยณ distillateTier 3
L-SC-06CIP automation1Automated cyclesTier 3
L-SC-07Remote I/O3โ€“4DistributedTier 3
L-SC-084G / WiFi router1Industrial, VPNTier 3
L-SC-09UPS12โ€“3 kVATier 3
L-SC-10MCC / control room1SS304, IP55, air-conditioned, positive pressureTier 3โ€“4

Auxiliary Equipment

Item CodeDescriptionQtySpec
L-AU-01Steam boiler or heat source (if not MVR)1100โ€“500 kW, SS316L heat exchanger
L-AU-02Cooling tower or air cooler110โ€“50 kW, SS316L coils
L-AU-03SS316L pipework & valves (vacuum + steam)1 setDN25โ€“DN150, pressure-rated
L-AU-04Ventilation2โ€“3200โ€“500 mยณ/h
L-AU-05LED lighting4โ€“620W, IP65
L-AU-06HVAC (control room)13โ€“6 kW
L-AU-07Spill bund1110% largest tank

Need Detailed Specifications?

Our engineers provide detailed P&ID drawings, container layouts, and equipment specifications for your selected Process.

Containerised Evaporation (Option L)

The containerised evaporation option concentrates difficult wastewaters — high-salinity, high-COD or otherwise hard-to-treat streams — by boiling off clean water vapour and leaving a much smaller volume of concentrate, a key step toward zero-liquid-discharge. Mechanical vapour recompression or multi-effect designs recover energy to keep running cost manageable. By drastically reducing the volume that must be tankered or further treated, evaporation can transform the economics of streams that defeat conventional treatment. Packaged into a container, it deploys quickly and relocates as needs change. We size the unit to the feed chemistry, fouling and scaling behaviour, and the recovery required, so the distillate meets reuse quality and the concentrate is genuinely minimised.

Industries We Serve

Our expertise spans multiple industries with sector-specific water treatment solutions.