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DAF Oil, Grease & FOG Problems

DAF is the workhorse for fats, oils and grease (FOG) — but emulsified oil and shock FOG loads need the right chemistry. This guide covers oil breakthrough and how to demulsify and float it reliably.

Symptoms You’ll See

Recognise the problem fast, then work through the causes and solutions below.

Oil sheen on the effluent FOG breakthrough at peak loads Emulsified oil not floating Greasy build-up on internals Variable oil removal

Emulsified oil not separating

What you see: Chemically or mechanically emulsified oil stays dispersed and passes through unless the emulsion is broken first.

Likely Causes & Solutions

  • Stable emulsion: Demulsify with the correct coagulant (e.g. ferric/alum) and pH before flotation; jar-test to confirm break.
  • Surfactants stabilising the oil: Identify and segregate detergent/CIP sources; they re-stabilise emulsions.
  • Insufficient mixing for demulsification: Provide adequate rapid-mix energy and contact time to break the emulsion.

FOG shock loads

What you see: Batch discharges (kitchens, food processing) overwhelm the cell, and oil breaks through during the peak.

Likely Causes & Solutions

  • Slug FOG loads: Add equalisation so FOG peaks are buffered and dosed steadily.
  • Dose not tracking load: Pace coagulant to flow/load so demulsification keeps up with shocks.
  • Skimming not keeping up: Increase skim frequency during peaks to clear the thick oily float.

Greasy fouling of internals

What you see: Congealed FOG coats nozzles, weirs and the scraper, degrading distribution and skimming over time.

Likely Causes & Solutions

  • FOG congealing on cold surfaces: Clean affected internals on a cycle; keep the float moving and warm enough to stay fluid.
  • Scraper/beach greasing up: Maintain scraper and beach; degrease on a planned schedule.
  • Nozzles partially greased: Clean nozzles so white-water distribution stays even.

Oil & FOG checklist

CheckTarget / ActionTypical value
Emulsion breakDemulsify before flotationJar-test confirmed
Coagulant/pHSet for oil breakFerric/alum, optimum pH
EqualisationBuffer FOG slugsSteady dosing
Skim frequencyRaise at peaksClear oily float
InternalsDegrease on cycleKeep distribution even

How DAF Solves It Effectively

Set up correctly, dissolved air flotation turns this failure mode into a controllable, high-performance process.

Built for oil removal

Flotation is the natural process for buoyant oil and FOG — once emulsions are broken, DAF removes them efficiently where settling cannot.

Demulsification chemistry

Correct coagulant and pH break stable emulsions so even chemically emulsified oil floats and is skimmed off.

Floats what won't settle

Free and broken oil is lighter than water, so it rises readily to a skimmable float — DAF's core strength.

Handles shocks with buffering

With equalisation and flow-paced dosing, DAF absorbs FOG slug loads that would defeat a fixed-rate separator.

<15 mg/LAchievable oil-in-water
DemulsifyBefore flotation
EqualiseBuffer FOG slugs
Skim ↑At peak loads

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