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From DAF Pilot Data to Full-Scale Design

A pilot only pays for itself if its numbers transfer cleanly to the full plant. The good news: the parameters that govern DAF — surface and hydraulic loading, recycle ratio, coagulant dose, flocculation energy — are area-based or dimensionless, so they scale directly. This page sets out exactly how we turn a containerised pilot campaign into a defensible full-scale design basis, and where the genuine scale-up risks lie.

DAF Scales on Rates, Not on Size

A full-scale DAF cell is not a bigger version of the pilot cell — it is the same loading rate applied over a larger area. Because flotation performance is governed by the rise velocity of bubble–floc aggregates and the surface loading rate (m/hr), a pilot operated across the real range of loadings tells you directly what area the full plant needs. The coagulant dose (mg/L), recycle ratio (%) and saturator pressure (bar) are intensive properties — they don't change with scale at all. That is why a well-run pilot de-risks an entire plant. See the full-scale logic in our DAF design & sizing guide and check numbers with the DAF sizing calculator.

Pilot Parameter → Full-Scale Design

Measured in the pilotHow it scalesSets in the full plant
Surface loading (m/hr)Held constant; area = flow ÷ loadingDAF cell plan area
Hydraulic loading (m/hr)Held constantContact zone & cross-flow sizing
Recycle ratio (%)Dimensionless — transfers directlySaturator & recycle pump duty
Saturator pressure (bar)Intensive — identicalAir-dissolution system design
Coagulant dose (mg/L)Concentration — identicalChemical storage & dosing capacity
Flocculation G & timeHeld constant (G·t)Floc tank volume & mixer power
UF flux (LMH) & TMPHeld constant; modules = flow ÷ fluxUF rack size & backwash design
Specific energy (kWh/m³)Transfers with efficiency correctionPower & OPEX model

Loading-rate fundamentals → · Hydraulic loading · Recycle flow

Where Scale-Up Risk Actually Lives

The parameters transfer — but these effects still need judgement

Hydraulic Distribution

Large cells can short-circuit where a small one won't. We carry pilot loading into a CFD-checked full-scale geometry — see CFD DAF optimisation.

Bubble Population

Saturator efficiency and nozzle design must reproduce the pilot's bubble size at scale — the basis of micro-bubble technology.

Seasonal Envelope

A short pilot can miss the worst bloom. We size to the captured peak plus a defensible margin, or recommend a longer campaign.

Turndown & Control

Full plants run across a flow range the pilot may not. Control philosophy is validated against the pilot's automated operation data.

What the Scale-Up Report Contains

Validated Design Basis

Loading rates, dose, recycle and flux fixed from the campaign, with the data behind each value.

Full-Scale Sizing

DAF area, floc volume, saturator duty, UF/RO module counts for the design flow.

OPEX Model

Chemical consumption and specific energy projected to full scale for the business case.

Risk & Margin Statement

Explicit assumptions, captured envelope and recommended design margins — nothing hidden.

Process validation · Treatability studies · General scale-up approach

Turn Pilot Data Into a Plant You Can Finance

We run the pilot and write the scale-up basis — one team from intake water to full-scale design. Tell us where you are in the project.

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Our expertise spans multiple industries with sector-specific water treatment solutions.

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